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Demonstrator | Heat Waves & Health

Demonstrator | Kuumalained ja tervis

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Mai Andresson

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About Our Organisation - Tallinna Strategic Management Office

Tallinn, the capital of Estonia, is situated on a bay in north Estonia, on the shore of the Baltic Sea. The population of Tallinn is approximately 435 000. Tallinn has been crowned as Europe’s Green Capital for 2023.
The Tallinn City Council has adopted two important strategic documents – the Tallinn 2035 strategy has been approved by the council at the end of 2020, and the climate plan “Climate-Neutral Tallinn 2030” in June 2021.
In the Tallinn Development Strategy 2035, there are 6 goals with a vision of being a green and global city where people look to the future and value their heritage. Tallinn will be one of the leaders of green transformation in Estonia: it is economy and lifestyle affect the well-being of the population of the entire country. The model for implementing green transformation in Tallinn will be an example in the world.

Our Role in KNOWING

The department involved in the KNOWING project is the Tallinn Smart City Competence Center which is also a part of Tallinn’s Strategic Management Office.

The goal of the competence centre is to increase the international project participation capacity of various city departments and institutions governed by the city and to strengthen the coordination of preparations and implementation of cross-sectoral projects that are most important to the city and which will support the Tallinn Development Strategy of 2035.

One of the main climate risks affecting the city of Tallinn is the formation of heat islands. It is considered that heatwave future risk is increasing – affecting the wellbeing of the citizens. Tallinn is participating in the project with one of the demonstrator’s sites the Väike-Õismäe in Haabersti district, where the project’s partner is developing the most appropriate heat wave mitigation methods for the region.

Väike-Õismäe is located between the green areas of the urban region called Veskimetsa and Lake Harku, with an area of 2.18 km2. The volume of the main residential building in Väike-Õismäe is made up of 5-, 9- and 16-store residential buildings built in the 1970s. The population in Väike-Õismäe is about 26 770 (1.1.2020), 12–17% of the population aged 0–17 and 20–31% of those over 68.
Adapting to climate change is a horizontal activity that must be dealt with by various agencies at both the state and local government levels.

Why KNOWING Matters to Us

We expect that the results of the project can be applied in practice to mitigate the risks arising from heat waves. Therefore, we are waiting for practical recommendations for an established residential area, which was built in the 1970s and 1980s, and in which the living population is ageing, belonging to the risk group. The project should provide input for improving the resilience of the urban area in the specific physical environment, both in terms of the building’s interior and exterior space. But also input to the city’s strategic documents, which we should change in our activities in the long term.

If the demonstrator site mitigation plan with heat waves can be implemented successfully into the project, this knowledge can be extended to similar areas in the city, Estonia, as well as Eastern European cities, where similar developments in urban construction have taken place in the 1960s-1980s. In addition to the specific pilot project, it also helps to raise awareness of climate change, especially in terms of heat waves, which are not considered as important in northern countries as they are in southern Europe.

Meie organisatsioonist - Tallinna Strateegiakeskus

Eesti pealinn Tallinn asub Põhja-Eesti lahes, Läänemere kaldal. Tallinna elanike arv on umbes 435 000. Tallinn on kroonitud Euroopa roheliseks pealinnaks aastaks 2023.
Tallinna linnavolikogu on vastu võtnud kaks olulist strateegilist dokumenti – strateegia “Tallinn 2035” on volikogu poolt heaks kiidetud 2020. aasta lõpus ja kliimakava “Klimaneutraalne Tallinn 2030” 2021. aasta juunis.
Tallinna arengustrateegias 2035 on 6 eesmärki, mille visiooniks on olla roheline ja globaalne linn, kus inimesed vaatavad tulevikku ja väärtustavad oma pärandit. Tallinn on üks Eesti rohelise muutuse eestvedajaid: tema majandus ja elustiil mõjutavad kogu riigi elanikkonna heaolu. Tallinna rohelise ümberkujundamise rakendamise mudel saab olema eeskujuks kogu maailmas.

Meie roll KNOWING

KNOWING projektis osalev osakond on Tallinna Targa Linna Kompetentsikeskus, mis on ühtlasi osa Tallinna Strateegilise Juhtimise Büroost.

Kompetentsikeskuse eesmärk on suurendada linna erinevate osakondade ja linna hallatavate asutuste rahvusvahelist projektides osalemise võimekust ning tugevdada linna jaoks kõige olulisemate ja Tallinna arengustrateegiat 2035 toetavate valdkondadevaheliste projektide ettevalmistamise ja elluviimise koordineerimist.

Üks peamisi Tallinna linna mõjutavaid kliimariske on soojussaarte teke. Leitakse, et kuumalainete tulevikurisk suureneb – see mõjutab kodanike heaolu. Tallinn osaleb projektis ühe demonstratsiooniobjektiga Väike-Õismäe Haabersti linnaosas, kus projekti partner töötab välja piirkonnale kõige sobivamad kuumalainete leevendusmeetodid. Väike-Õismäe asub Veskimetsa-nimelise linnapiirkonna haljasalade ja Harku järve vahel, pindala on 2,18 km2.

Väike-Õismäe põhilise elamufondi maht koosneb 1970. aastatel ehitatud 5-, 9- ja 16-korruselistest elamutest. Väike-Õismäe elanike arv on umbes 26 770 (1.1.2020), neist 12-17% on 0-17-aastased ja 20-31% üle 68-aastased.
Kliimamuutustega kohanemine on horisontaalne tegevus, millega peavad tegelema erinevad asutused nii riigi kui ka kohaliku omavalitsuse tasandil.

Miks on KNOWING meile oluline?

Me loodame, et projekti tulemusi saab praktikas rakendada kuumalainetest tulenevate riskide vähendamiseks. Seetõttu ootame praktilisi soovitusi väljakujunenud elurajooni jaoks, mis on ehitatud 1970-1980ndatel aastatel ja kus elavat elanikkonda on vananev, kuuludes riskirühma. Projekt peaks andma sisendi linnapiirkonna vastupanuvõime parandamiseks konkreetses füüsilises keskkonnas, nii hoone sise- kui ka välisruumi osas. Aga ka sisendit linna strateegilistesse dokumentidesse, mida peaksime oma tegevuses pikemas perspektiivis muutma.

Kui näidisala leevenduskava kuumalainetega õnnestub edukalt projekti sisse viia, saab neid teadmisi laiendada sarnastele aladele linnas, Eestis, aga ka Ida-Euroopa linnades, kus 1960-1980ndatel aastatel on toimunud sarnased arengud linnaehituses. Lisaks konkreetsele pilootprojektile aitab see ka tõsta teadlikkust kliimamuutustest, eriti kuumalainete osas, mida ei peeta põhjapoolsetes riikides nii oluliseks kui Lõuna-Euroopas.